The role of Italian incubators and Science Parks in the Triple-Helix era. The hybrid model developed in Lombardy

Many researchers have shown that regional economic growth is linked to technology transfer and high-tech firm output of Science Parks and business incubators. Indeed, incubation can be a successful and complementary tool for university development. Searching for the success factors of Italian centres, the paper highlights that in the Milan sub-region is evident with the existence of the traditional trilateral networks, in which hybrid organisations are created to facilitate the exploitation and exchanges of knowledge, as well as value creation. Network-based innovation programs and tools, as the incubator of incubators model, are especially beneficial in the Italian entrepreneurial context.