ELECTRODES | Nanoelectrodes☆

This article presents the preparation, characterization, and electrochemical behavior of nanoelectrode ensembles prepared by using microporous membranes as templates. Based on the fact that the templating membrane be kept intact, or etched after the deposition, the final ensemble is composed of nanodisk or nanowire electrodes. Peculiarities of the electrochemical behavior of these ensembles of nanoelectrodes are discussed; they include improved faradaic-to-capacitive current ratios, dependence of diffusive mass transport on the ensemble geometry, and dependence on heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics. Application and prospects of the use of these nanoensemble in electroanalysis, sensors, lithium batteries and in light harvesting are presented.