Rilke’s capital cities were Prague, Berlin, Paris, Munich. Other cities and places left their mark on his life and works, such as Rome, Capri, Borgeby Gård, Duino, Muzot, and Venice too. Rilke’s Venetian poems show the typically landscape of his early lyrics, made of impressionistic and neo-romantic atmospheres, but also, in his later collections, Neue Gedichte (New Poems, 1907-1908), the traits of his more mature “poetry of things”, Dinggedicht. Rilke’s artistry developed along a poetic line that was transversed by various crises, each of which occasioning deep changes in his philosophy and style. Rilke’s Venetian poems are a small but exemplary corpus that allows the reader to observe the transition from a poetic approach to the next, therefore the coming to perfection of his reflection on the raison d’être of artistic expression. If, in Rilke’s early poems, Venice was the prototypical subject of an aestheticizing approach (“beauty in decay”), in the later years it became, suprisingly, the perfect “thing” (Ding) of his “objective” poetry. In these poems, in fact, Venice is no longer a misty maze evoking hazy feelings. What in his early poems was the site of rotten palaces reflecting their shapes on dead waters, and of an ancient aristocracy suffering and, at the same time, enjoying its decadence, in the Neue Gedichte Venice has become a warrior: a place symbolized by its wooden foundations taken from whole Italian forests, and by its dockyards and warehouses that showed the city’s dominion and will-to-power. Through the “objective saying”, sachliches Sagen, of his later poetry, Rilke gets rid of the hackneyed, though fascinating, idea of Venice as the place of a bygone aristocratic glory, and dares overturn it into the severe and forceful image of the historical, and powerful, republic of the Dogi.

Le capitali di Rilke sono state Praga, Berlino, Parigi, Monaco. Ma altri luoghi ancora - Roma, Capri, Borgeby Gård, Duino o Muzot - hanno segnato, oltre che la biografia, la storia dell’opera di Rilke. Venezia è nel novero di questi luoghi. Anche le poesie veneziane portano inscritto il passaggio rilkiano dalla lirica d’atmosfera, impressionista e neoromantica degli inizi, alla poetica del “Dinggedicht” legata alle due raccolte dei Neue Gedichte (1907-1908). L’opera di Rilke - questa l’ipotesi di lavoro - si evolve secondo una linea poetologica tagliata da crisi che generano ogni volta un profondo cambamento stilistico e filosofico. Le poesie veneziane sono un piccolo corpus che permette in maniera esemplare di osservare il passaggio dall’una all’altra poetica, e dunque la maturazione della riflessione rilkiana sulla ragion d’essere dell’espressione artistica. Se, nelle poesie giovanili, costituisce un soggetto ideale per il processo di estetizzazione (bellezza della decadenza), Venezia si trasforma soprendentemente, negli anni successivi, in perfetto “Ding” della poesia “oggettiva”. La città smette di essere un labirinto nebbioso che evoca impressioni indistinte, dove palazzi in rovina che si riflettono in acque morte, dove un’antica aristocrazia soffre e gode la sua lenta decadenza, e diventa una Venezia guerriera, costruita col legno di intere foreste italiane, fatta di arsenali e fondaci, luogo di dominio e di volontà di potenza. Con il “sachliches Sagen” della sua nuova filosofia, Rilke supera lo stereotipo, certamente pieno di fascino, della città che vive nel riflesso di antichi splendori, e osa rovesciarlo nella forte e severa immagine storica della potente Repubblica dei Dogi.

Rilkes Venedig. Eine Stadt ohne Dekadenz

LAVAGETTO, Andreina
2016-01-01

Abstract

Rilke’s capital cities were Prague, Berlin, Paris, Munich. Other cities and places left their mark on his life and works, such as Rome, Capri, Borgeby Gård, Duino, Muzot, and Venice too. Rilke’s Venetian poems show the typically landscape of his early lyrics, made of impressionistic and neo-romantic atmospheres, but also, in his later collections, Neue Gedichte (New Poems, 1907-1908), the traits of his more mature “poetry of things”, Dinggedicht. Rilke’s artistry developed along a poetic line that was transversed by various crises, each of which occasioning deep changes in his philosophy and style. Rilke’s Venetian poems are a small but exemplary corpus that allows the reader to observe the transition from a poetic approach to the next, therefore the coming to perfection of his reflection on the raison d’être of artistic expression. If, in Rilke’s early poems, Venice was the prototypical subject of an aestheticizing approach (“beauty in decay”), in the later years it became, suprisingly, the perfect “thing” (Ding) of his “objective” poetry. In these poems, in fact, Venice is no longer a misty maze evoking hazy feelings. What in his early poems was the site of rotten palaces reflecting their shapes on dead waters, and of an ancient aristocracy suffering and, at the same time, enjoying its decadence, in the Neue Gedichte Venice has become a warrior: a place symbolized by its wooden foundations taken from whole Italian forests, and by its dockyards and warehouses that showed the city’s dominion and will-to-power. Through the “objective saying”, sachliches Sagen, of his later poetry, Rilke gets rid of the hackneyed, though fascinating, idea of Venice as the place of a bygone aristocratic glory, and dares overturn it into the severe and forceful image of the historical, and powerful, republic of the Dogi.
2016
10 / 2016
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10278/3684138
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