Linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS) and nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPnEO, n = 1- 20) are widely used anionic and nonionic synthetic aromatic surfactants. LAS is predomi nantly contained in laundry detergents, whereas NPnEO are mostly employed for industrial and institutional cleaning and various other industrial purposes. Commercial LAS and NPnEO are * Present address: United States Geological Survey, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A. 460 characteristically complex mixtures of many isomers, homologs, and oligo mers. These aromatic surfactants are mainly used directly in water, dis charged into municipal and industrial wastewaters and subsequently released to sewage treatment plants (STP's). Unaltered LAS and nonylphenol (NP), the latter being a highly toxic de-ethox ylation intermediate of NPnEO biodeg radation [1], occur in digested sewage sludges at average levels of 5 and 1 g kg- 1 [w/w, dry weight (d.w.)], respec tively [2-4].
RESIDUES OF DETERGENT-DERIVED ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AND POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS IN SLUDGE-AMENDED SOIL
MARCOMINI, A;
1988-01-01
Abstract
Linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS) and nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPnEO, n = 1- 20) are widely used anionic and nonionic synthetic aromatic surfactants. LAS is predomi nantly contained in laundry detergents, whereas NPnEO are mostly employed for industrial and institutional cleaning and various other industrial purposes. Commercial LAS and NPnEO are * Present address: United States Geological Survey, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A. 460 characteristically complex mixtures of many isomers, homologs, and oligo mers. These aromatic surfactants are mainly used directly in water, dis charged into municipal and industrial wastewaters and subsequently released to sewage treatment plants (STP's). Unaltered LAS and nonylphenol (NP), the latter being a highly toxic de-ethox ylation intermediate of NPnEO biodeg radation [1], occur in digested sewage sludges at average levels of 5 and 1 g kg- 1 [w/w, dry weight (d.w.)], respec tively [2-4].
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